It's OK for NSEC records to be expanded from wildcards,
but in that case, the proof of non-existence is only valid
starting at the wildcard name, *.<domain> NOT the name expanded
from the wildcard. Without this check it's possible for an
attacker to craft an NSEC which wrongly proves non-existence
in a domain which includes a wildcard for NSEC.

Development of EtherBoot gPXE was always development
of iPXE core developer Michael Brown.

http://git.etherboot.org/?p=gpxe.git was last updated in 2011
https://git.ipxe.org/ipxe.git is well alive

This  s/gPXE/iPXE/ reflects that.
Signed-off-by: Geert Stappers <stappers@stappers.nl>

RFC 4034 says:
  [RFC2181] specifies that an RRset is not allowed to contain duplicate
  records (multiple RRs with the same owner name, class, type, and
  RDATA).  Therefore, if an implementation detects duplicate RRs when
  putting the RRset in canonical form, it MUST treat this as a protocol
  error.  If the implementation chooses to handle this protocol error
  in the spirit of the robustness principle (being liberal in what it
  accepts), it MUST remove all but one of the duplicate RR(s) for the
  purposes of calculating the canonical form of the RRset.

We chose to handle this robustly, having found at least one recursive
server in the wild which returns duplicate NSEC records in the AUTHORITY
section of an answer generated from a wildcard record. sort_rrset() is
therefore modified to delete duplicate RRs which are detected almost
for free during the bubble-sort process.

Thanks to Toralf Förster for helping to diagnose this problem.

 If all configured dns servers return refused in
 response to a query; dnsmasq will end up in an infinite loop
 retransmitting the dns query resulting into high CPU load.
 Problem is caused by the dns refuse retransmission logic which does
 not check for the end of a dns server list iteration in strict mode.
 Having one configured dns server returning a refused reply easily
 triggers this problem in strict order mode. This was introduced in
 9396752c

 Thanks to Hans Dedecker <dedeckeh@gmail.com> for spotting this
 and the initial patch.

Some of our Openstack users run quite large number of dnsmasq instances
on single host. They started hitting default limit of inotify socket
number on single system after upgrade to more recent version. System
defaults of sysctl fs.inotify.max_user_instances is 128. They reached
limit of 116 dnsmasq instances, then more instances failed to start.

I was surprised they have any use case for such high number of
instances. They use one dnsmasq for one virtual network.

I found simple way to avoid hitting low system limit. They do not use
resolv.conf for name server configuration or any dhcp hosts or options
directory. Created inotify socket is never used in that case. Simple
patch attached.

I know we can raise inotify system limit. I think better is to not waste
resources that are left unused.

Unless we are acting in authoritative mode, obviously.

To do otherwise may allows cache snooping, see.
http://cs.unc.edu/~fabian/course_papers/cache_snooping.pdf

This is set to status DoNotImplement in RFC 6944.

The current logic is naive in the case that there is more than
one RRset in an answer (Typically, when a non-CNAME query is answered
by one or more CNAME RRs, and then then an answer RRset.)

If all the RRsets validate, then they are cached and marked as validated,
but if any RRset doesn't validate, then the AD flag is not set (good) and
ALL the RRsets are cached marked as not validated.

This breaks when, eg, the answer contains a validated CNAME, pointing
to a non-validated answer. A subsequent query for the CNAME without do
will get an answer with the AD flag wrongly reset, and worse, the same
query with do will get a cached answer without RRSIGS, rather than
being forwarded.

The code now records the validation of individual RRsets and that
is used to correctly set the "validated" bits in the cache entries.